Category: International

When we talk about the American threat to Europe, it is not just a military issue. It is true that the United States has experienced several major conflicts with European powers. After American independence at the end of the 18th century, we naturally think of the war of 1812 against its former colonial power, the …

Read more “Is the United States Europe’s biggest threat?”

For more than half a century, Western financial institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank have played a decisive role in financing developing countries. Growing hostility towards these institutions and the structural reforms they are forcing have gradually allowed other states and organisations to assert themselves. In particular, after years of very strong …

Read more “The new creditors of developing countries”